11.Suganami,JapansEntryintoInternationalSociety,186ndash;89.

12.PresidentMillardFillmoretotheEmperorofJapan(presentedbyCommodorePerryonJuly14,1853),inFrancisHawksandMatthewPerry,NarrativeoftheExpeditionofanAmericanSquadrontotheChinaSeasandJapan,PerformedintheYears1852,1853,and1854,UndertheCommandofCommodoreM.C.Perry,UnitedStatesNavy,byOrderoftheGovernmentoftheUnitedStates(Washington,D.C.:A.O.P.Nicholson,1856),256ndash;57.

13.TranslationoftheJapanesereplytoPresidentFillmoresletter,inibid.,349ndash;50.

14.MeijiCharterOath,inJapaneseGovernmentDocuments,ed.W.W.McLaren(Bethesda,Md.:UniversityPublicationsofAmerica,1979),8.

15.JapanesememorandumdeliveredtotheAmericanSecretaryofStateCordellHull,December7,1941,asquotedinPyle,JapanRising,207.

16.See,forexample,YasuhiroNakasone,ACriticalViewofthePostwarConstitution(1953),inSourcesofJapaneseTradition,ed.Wm.TheodoredeBary,CarolGluck,andArthurE.Tiedemann(NewYork:ColumbiaUniversityPress,2005),2:1088ndash;89.中曾根这篇讲话是在哈佛大学的国际研讨会上做的，开办研讨会是为使世界各国的年轻领导人接触了解美国的学术环境。中曾根论称，为了加速日本与美国永久友谊的发展，日本的独立防卫能力应当加强，与美国的伙伴关系应更加平等。30年后中曾根成为日本首相，卓有成效地推动了这方面的政策，并得到了美国总统里根的支持。

17.NationalSecurityStrategy(ProvisionalTranslation)(Tokyo:MinistryofForeignAffairs,December17,2013),1ndash;3.Thedocument,adoptedbyJapansCabinet,statedthatitsprincipleswillguideJapansnationalsecuritypolicyoverthenextdecade.

18.S.Radhakrishnan,Hinduism,inACulturalHistoryofIndia,ed.A.L.Basham(NewDelhi:OxfordUniversityPress,1997),60ndash;82.

19.葡萄牙探险家瓦斯科middot;达middot;伽马就是这样对卡利卡特的国王解释的（卡利卡特是今天印度的科泽科德，当时是全球香料贸易的中心之一）。达middot;伽马和手下的船员因为有机会在印度兴旺的香料和宝石贸易中分一杯羹而兴奋欣喜。他们也受了关于普莱斯特middot;约翰的消失的王国这一传说的影响。许多中世纪和近代早期的欧洲人相信，普莱斯特middot;约翰是一位强大的基督徒国王，住在非洲或亚洲。SeeDanielBoorstin,TheDiscoverers(NewYork:VintageBooks,1985),104ndash;6,176ndash;77.

20.TheBhagavadGita,trans.EknathEaswaran(Tomales,Calif.:NilgiriPress,2007),82ndash;91;AmartyaSen,TheArgumentativeIndian:WritingsonIndianHistory,Culture,andIdentity(NewYork:Picador,2005),3ndash;6.

21.SeePye,AsianPowerandPolitics,137ndash;41.

22.Kautilya,Arthashastra,trans.L.N.Rangarajan(NewDelhi:PenguinBooksIndia,1992),6.2.35ndash;37,p.525.

23.Ibid.,9.1.1,p.588.PrussiasFredericktheGreat,ontheeveofhisseizureofthewealthyAustrianprovinceofSilesiaroughlytwothousandyearslater,madeasimilarassessment.SeeChapter1.

24.Ibid.,6.2.39ndash;40,p.526.

25.Ibid.,9.1.21,p.589.

26.Ibid.,7.6.14,15,p.544.